Module:TableTools

--[[

--                              TableTools                                       -- --                                                                               -- -- This module includes a number of functions for dealing with Lua tables. -- -- It is a meta-module, meant to be called from other Lua modules, and should    -- -- not be called directly from #invoke. --

--]]

local libraryUtil = require('libraryUtil')

local p = {}

-- Define often-used variables and functions. local floor = math.floor local infinity = math.huge local checkType = libraryUtil.checkType

-- Define a unique value to represent NaN. This is because NaN cannot be used as a table key. local nan = {}

--[[

-- isPositiveInteger -- -- This function returns true if the given value is a positive integer, and false -- if not. Although it doesn't operate on tables, it is included here as it is -- useful for determining whether a given table key is in the array part or the -- hash part of a table.

--]] function p.isPositiveInteger(v) if type(v) == 'number' and v >= 1 and floor(v) == v and v < infinity then return true else return false end end

--[[

-- isNan -- -- This function returns true if the given number is a NaN value, and false -- if not. Although it doesn't operate on tables, it is included here as it is -- useful for determining whether a value can be a valid table key. Lua will -- generate an error if a NaN is used as a table key.

--]] function p.isNan(v) if type(v) == 'number' and tostring(v) == '-nan' then return true else return false end end

--[[

-- shallowClone -- -- This returns a clone of a table. The value returned is a new table, but all -- subtables and functions are shared. Metamethods are respected, but the returned -- table will have no metatable of its own.

--]] function p.shallowClone(t) local ret = {} for k, v in pairs(t) do		ret[k] = v	end return ret end

--[[

-- removeDuplicates -- -- This removes duplicate values from an array. Non-positive-integer keys are -- ignored. The earliest value is kept, and all subsequent duplicate values are -- removed, but otherwise the array order is unchanged.

--]] function p.removeDuplicates(t) local isNan = p.isNan local ret, exists = {}, {} for i, v in ipairs(t) do		if isNan(v) then -- NaNs can't be table keys, and they are also unique, so we don't need to check existence. ret[#ret + 1] = v		else if not exists[v] then ret[#ret + 1] = v				exists[v] = true end end end return ret end

--[[

-- union -- -- This returns the union of the key/value pairs of n tables. If any of the tables -- contain different values for the same table key, the table value is converted -- to an array holding all of the different values.

--]] function p.union(...) local lim = select('#', ...) if lim == 0 then error("no arguments passed to 'union'", 2) end local ret, trackArrays = {}, {} for i = 1, lim do		local t = select(i, ...) checkType('union', i, t, 'table') for k, v in pairs(t) do			local retKey = ret[k] if retKey == nil then ret[k] = v			elseif retKey ~= v then if trackArrays[k] then local array = ret[k] local valExists for _, arrayVal in ipairs(array) do						if arrayVal == v then valExists = true break end end if not valExists then array[#array + 1] = v						ret[k] = array end else ret[k] = {ret[k], v}					trackArrays[k] = true end end end end return ret end

--[[

-- valueUnion -- -- This returns the union of the values of n tables, as an array. For example, for -- the tables {1, 3, 4, 5, foo = 7} and {2, bar = 3, 5, 6}, union will return -- {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}.

--]] function p.valueUnion(...) local lim = select('#', ...) if lim == 0 then error("no arguments passed to 'valueUnion'", 2) end local vals, ret = {}, {} for i = 1, lim do		local t = select(i, ...) checkType('valueUnion', i, t, 'table') for k, v in pairs(t) do			if type(v) == 'number' and tostring(v) == '-nan' then v = nan -- NaN cannot be a table key, so use a proxy variable. end vals[v] = true end end for val in pairs(vals) do		if val == nan then -- This ensures that we output a NaN when we had one as input, although -- they may have been generated in a completely different way. val = 0/0 end ret[#ret + 1] = val end return ret end

--[[

-- intersection -- -- This returns the intersection of the key/value pairs of n tables. Both the key -- and the value must match to be included in the resulting table.

--]] function p.intersection(...) local lim = select('#', ...) if lim == 0 then error("no arguments passed to 'intersection'", 2) end local ret, track, pairCounts = {}, {}, {} for i = 1, lim do		local t = select(i, ...) checkType('intersection', i, t, 'table') for k, v in pairs(t) do			local trackVal = track[k] if trackVal == nil then track[k] = v				pairCounts[k] = 1 elseif trackVal == v then pairCounts[k] = pairCounts[k] + 1 end end end for k, v in pairs(track) do		if pairCounts[k] == lim then ret[k] = v		end end return ret end

--[[

-- valueIntersection -- -- This returns the intersection of the values of n tables, as an array. For -- example, for the tables {1, 3, 4, 5, foo = 7} and {2, bar = 3, 5, 6}, -- intersection will return {3, 5}.

--]] function p.valueIntersection(...) local lim = select('#', ...) if lim < 2 then error(lim .. ' argument' .. (lim == 1 and '' or 's') .. " passed to 'intersection' (minimum is 2)", 2) end local isNan = p.isNan local vals, ret = {}, {} local isSameTable = true -- Tracks table equality. local tableTemp -- Used to store the table from the previous loop so that we can check table equality. for i = 1, lim do		local t = select(i, ...) checkType('valueIntersection', i, t, 'table') if tableTemp and t ~= tableTemp then isSameTable = false end tableTemp = t		for k, v in pairs(t) do -- NaNs are never equal to any other value, so they can't be in the intersection. -- Which is lucky, as they also can't be table keys. if not isNan(v) then local valCount = vals[v] or 0 vals[v] = valCount + 1 end end end if isSameTable then -- If all the tables are equal, then the intersection is that table (including NaNs). -- All we need to do is convert it to an array and remove duplicate values. for k, v in pairs(tableTemp) do			ret[#ret + 1] = v		end return p.removeDuplicates(ret) end for val, count in pairs(vals) do		if count == lim then ret[#ret + 1] = val end end return ret end

--[[

-- complement -- -- This returns the relative complement of t1, t2, ..., in tn. The complement -- is of key/value pairs. This is equivalent to all the key/value pairs that are in -- tn but are not in t1, t2, ... tn-1.

--]] function p.complement(...) local lim = select('#', ...) if lim == 0 then error("no arguments passed to 'complement' (minimum is two)", 2) elseif lim == 1 then error("only one argument passed to 'complement' (minimum is two)", 2) end --	-- Now we know that we have at least two sets.	-- First, get all the key/value pairs in tn. We can't simply make ret equal to tn,	-- as that will affect the value of tn for the whole module.	-- local tn = select(lim, ...) checkType('complement', lim, tn, 'table') local ret = {} for k, v in pairs(tn) do		ret[k] = v	end -- Remove all the key/value pairs in t1, t2, ..., tn-1. for i = 1, lim - 1 do		local t = select(i, ...) checkType('complement', i, t, 'table') for k, v in pairs(t) do			if ret[k] == v then ret[k] = nil end end end return ret end

--[[

-- numKeys -- -- This takes a table and returns an array containing the numbers of any numerical -- keys that have non-nil values, sorted in numerical order.

--]] function p.numKeys(t) checkType('numKeys', 1, t, 'table') local isPositiveInteger = p.isPositiveInteger local nums = {} for k, v in pairs(t) do		if isPositiveInteger(k) then nums[#nums + 1] = k		end end table.sort(nums) return nums end

--[[

-- affixNums -- -- This takes a table and returns an array containing the numbers of keys with the -- specified prefix and suffix. For example, for the table -- {a1 = 'foo', a3 = 'bar', a6 = 'baz'} and the prefix "a", affixNums will -- return {1, 3, 6}.

--]] function p.affixNums(t, prefix, suffix) checkType('affixNums', 1, t, 'table') checkType('affixNums', 2, prefix, 'string', true) checkType('affixNums', 3, suffix, 'string', true) prefix = prefix or '' suffix = suffix or '' local pattern = '^' .. prefix .. '([1-9]%d*)' .. suffix .. '$'	local nums = {} for k, v in pairs(t) do		if type(k) == 'string' then local num = mw.ustring.match(k, pattern) if num then nums[#nums + 1] = tonumber(num) end end end table.sort(nums) return nums end

--[[

-- compressSparseArray -- -- This takes an array with one or more nil values, and removes the nil values -- while preserving the order, so that the array can be safely traversed with -- ipairs.

--]] function p.compressSparseArray(t) checkType('compressSparseArray', 1, t, 'table') local ret = {} local nums = p.numKeys(t) for _, num in ipairs(nums) do		ret[#ret + 1] = t[num] end return ret end

--[[

-- sparseIpairs -- -- This is an iterator for sparse arrays. It can be used like ipairs, but can -- handle nil values.

--]] function p.sparseIpairs(t) checkType('sparseIpairs', 1, t, 'table') local nums = p.numKeys(t) local i = 0 local lim = #nums return function i = i + 1 if i <= lim then local key = nums[i] return key, t[key] end end end

--[[

-- size -- -- This returns the size of a key/value pair table. It will also work on arrays, -- but for arrays it is more efficient to use the # operator.

--]] function p.size(t) checkType('size', 1, t, 'table') local i = 0 for k in pairs(t) do		i = i + 1 end return i end

return p